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132 lines
3.8 KiB
Plaintext
132 lines
3.8 KiB
Plaintext
Xubuntu 16.04 with read only root filesystem for SSD disk
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----------------------------------------------------------
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* example:
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/dev/sda: HDD disk (mechanical disk)
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/dev/sdc: SSD disk (solid state disk)
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/dev/sda2: /home /tmp /var/tmp
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/dev/sda3: swap
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/dev/sdc1: /
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* install xubuntu 16.04 in /dev/sdc1.
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* mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
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* mkdir /mnt/tmp ; chmod 1777 /mnt/tmp
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* mkdir /mnt/home ; chmod 0755 /mnt/home
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* rsync -av /home/ /mnt/home/
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* rm -fr /home/* /tmp/* /tmp/.* <-- CAUTION!
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* mkdir -p /var/mounts/sda2 ; chmod 0755 /var/mounts/sda2
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* mkdir -p /var/mounts/mediarw ; chmod 0755 /var/mounts/mediarw
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* mkdir -p /var/mounts/mediaro ; chmod 0755 /var/mounts/mediaro
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* mkdir -p /var/mounts/mediaro/share1 ; chmod 0755 /var/mounts/mediaro/share1
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* /usr/local/bin/readonlyfs
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#!/bin/bash
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### BEGIN INIT INFO
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# Provides: readonlyfs
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# Required-Start:
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# Required-Stop:
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# Default-Start: S
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# Default-Stop:
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# Short-Description: Read only root filesystem.
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# Description: This script provides a read only root
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# filesystem for use xubuntu with solid
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# state drives.
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### END INIT INFO
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PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
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case "$1" in
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start)
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echo "Starting read only filesystem."
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mount -t tmpfs -o size=1M tmpfs /var/mounts/mediarw
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mount -t aufs -o br=/var/mounts/mediarw=rw:/var/mounts/mediaro=ro -o udba=reval none /media
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chmod 0755 /media
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mount -o noatime /dev/sda2 /var/mounts/sda2
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mount --bind /var/mounts/sda2/home /home
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mount --bind /var/mounts/sda2/tmp /tmp
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mount --bind /var/mounts/sda2/tmp /var/tmp
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mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev,mode=0755,rw,size=1M,uid=lightdm,gid=lightdm tmpfs /var/lib/lightdm
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mount --bind /var/lib/lightdm /var/lib/lightdm-data
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mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev,mode=0777,rw,size=8M,uid=root,gid=syslog tmpfs /var/log
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mount --bind /var/log /var/spool
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mount --bind /var/log /var/lib/blueman
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;;
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stop)
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echo "Stopping read only filesystem."
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;;
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*)
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echo "Usage: readonlyfs start|stop"
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;;
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esac
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exit 0
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* chmod 744 /usr/local/bin/readonlyfs
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* ln -s /usr/local/bin/readonlyfs /etc/init.d/readonlyfs
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* ln -s ../init.d/readonlyfs /etc/rcS.d/S99readonlyfs
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* update-rc.d readonlyfs disable
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* update-rc.d readonlyfs enable
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* /etc/fstab
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UUID=<UUID_/dev/sdc1> / ext4 ro,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 0
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UUID=<UUID_/dev/sda3> none swap sw 0 0
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<NFSSERVER>:/path/to/share1 /media/share1 nfs _netdev,rw,noauto,user,users,noexec,nosuid,nolock,noatime,nfsvers=3,sec=sys,udp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768 0 0
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* /etc/default/grub
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GRUB_TIMEOUT=N
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GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=$GRUB_TIMEOUT
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update-grub
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* /usr/local/bin/remountrw + chmod 744
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mount -o remount,rw /
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* /usr/local/bin/remountro + chmod 744
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sync
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sleep 1
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mount -o remount,ro /
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* Network Manager: wired connection with fixed IP address:
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"/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Wired Connection" + chmod 600
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[ethernet]
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duplex=full
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mac-address=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
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[connection]
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id=Wired Connection
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uuid=66b010e7-d2b0-4e5a-a2d8-f1d8191a241d
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type=ethernet
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timestamp=1440124541
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[ipv6]
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method=auto
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ip6-privacy=0
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[ipv4]
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method=manual
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dns=<IP_ADDRESS>;
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address1=<IP_ADDRESS>/<MASK 0-30>,<DEFAULT_GATEWAY>
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may-fail=false
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* Issues:
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* The guest session not work: /etc/password and /etc/shadow are read only.
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* Lightdm can not remember the last user logged.
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