Improved creating of a socket for the resolver

Written new mechanism of wrapper from scratch in C
* It listens to all ICMPv6 packets (for now) and translates them to ICMPv4 ones
* It can compute the checksum of the packet as well

README

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ WrapSix is a revolutionary piece of software that make possible to reach IPv4-on
 == Requirements ==
 WrapSix is very simple to use. You only need:
 * GNU/Linux system
-* Ruby (I've tested version 1.8.7)
+* Ruby (I've tested version 1.8.6)
 
 == Configuration ==
 

lib/resolver.rb

@@ -18,11 +18,14 @@ class Resolver
 
 	def start
 		@resolver = UDPSocket.open Socket::AF_INET6
-		if @resolver.bind $config['resolver_ip'], 53
-			puts "Started DNS resolver on IPv6 address #{$config['resolver_ip']}" if @debug
-		else
-			puts "DNS resolver not started!" if @debug
+		begin
+			@resolver.bind $config['resolver_ip'], 53
+		#rescue Errno::EPERM
+		rescue Errno::EACCES
+			$stderr.puts "You have to run #{$0} as root!"
+			exit!
 		end
+		puts "Started DNS resolver on IPv6 address #{$config['resolver_ip']}" if @debug
 
 		loop do
 			puts "---------- start ----------" if @debug

wrapper/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+CC = gcc
+CFLAGS = -Wall -O0
+LDFLAGS = -L/usr/lib -lpcap
+
+all: wrapper.o process.o translate_ip.o connections.o checksum.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) *.o	-o wrapper
+
+wrapper.o: wrapper.c wrapper.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c wrapper.c		-o wrapper.o
+
+process.o: process.c wrapper.h translate_ip.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c process.c		-o process.o
+
+translate_ip.o: translate_ip.c translate_ip.h wrapper.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c translate_ip.c		-o translate_ip.o
+
+connections.o: connections.c wrapper.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c connections.c		-o connections.o
+
+checksum.o: checksum.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c checksum.c		-o checksum.o
+
+clean:
+	rm -f wrapper *.o

wrapper/checksum.c

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+unsigned short checksum(const void *_buf, int len)
+{
+	const unsigned short *buf = _buf;
+	unsigned sum = 0;
+
+	while (len >= 2) {
+		sum += *buf ++;
+
+		if (sum & 0x80000000) {
+			sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
+		}
+
+		len -= 2;
+	}
+
+	if (len) {
+		unsigned char temp[2];
+
+		temp[0] = *(unsigned char *) buf;
+		temp[1] = 0;
+
+		sum += *(unsigned short *) temp;
+	}
+
+	while (sum >> 16) {
+		sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
+	}
+
+	return ~sum;
+}

wrapper/connections.c

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "wrapper.h"
+
+void send_there(struct in_addr ip4_addr, unsigned char ttl, unsigned int type, unsigned char *payload, unsigned int paylen) {
+	int sock;
+	struct sockaddr_in sock_addr;
+
+	if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, type)) == -1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open RAW socket.\n");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, (const char *) &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
+
+	sock_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	sock_addr.sin_port = 0;
+	sock_addr.sin_addr = ip4_addr;
+
+	sendto(sock, (char *) payload, paylen, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &sock_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+
+	close(sock);
+}

wrapper/process.c

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+#include "wrapper.h"
+#include "translate_ip.h"
+
+void process_packet6(u_char *args, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *packet)
+{
+	static int count = 1;			/* packet counter */
+
+	/* declare pointers to packet headers */
+	const struct s_ethernet *ethernet;	/* The ethernet header [1] */
+	const struct s_ip6 *ip;			/* The IP header */
+	const unsigned char *payload;			/* Packet payload */
+
+	printf("\nPacket number %d:\n", count);
+	count++;
+
+	/* define ethernet header */
+	ethernet = (struct s_ethernet*) (packet);
+
+	/* define/compute ip header offset */
+	ip = (struct s_ip6*) (packet + SIZE_ETHERNET);
+
+	payload = packet + SIZE_ETHERNET + SIZE_IP6;
+
+	/* print source and destination IP addresses */
+	char ip6addr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+	inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip->ip_src, ip6addr, sizeof(ip6addr));
+	printf("       From: %s\n", ip6addr);
+	/* keep the following line as the last one inet_ntop! */
+	inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip->ip_dest, ip6addr, sizeof(ip6addr));
+	printf("         To: %s\n", ip6addr);
+
+	/* check if this packet is ours - hardcoded for now */
+	char wsaddr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = "fc00:1::4d4b:4c03";
+	if (strcmp(wsaddr, ip6addr) != 0) {
+		printf("==> This packet is not ours! <==\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* determine protocol */
+	switch (ip->next_header) {
+		case IPPROTO_TCP:
+			printf("   Protocol: TCP\n");
+			//process_tcp();
+			break;
+		case IPPROTO_UDP:
+			printf("   Protocol: UDP\n");
+			break;
+		case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
+			printf("   Protocol: ICMPv6\n");
+			process_icmp6((struct s_ip6 *) ip, payload);
+			break;
+		default:
+			printf("   Protocol: unknown\n");
+			break;
+	}
+	return;
+}
+
+void process_icmp6(struct s_ip6 *ip, const unsigned char *payload)
+{
+	struct s_icmp *icmp;
+	struct in_addr ip4_addr;
+
+	unsigned char *icmp_data;
+	unsigned char *icmp_packet;
+
+	int packet_size;
+
+	/* extract the ICMP header */
+	icmp = (struct s_icmp *) (payload);
+	icmp_data = (unsigned char *) (payload + sizeof(icmp));
+
+	/* decide what type of ICMP we have */
+	switch (icmp->type) {
+		/* NDP */
+		case ICMP6_NDP_NS:
+			printf("       ICMP: [NDP] Neighbor Solicitation\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP6_NDP_NA:
+			printf("       ICMP: [NDP] Neighbor Advertisement\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP6_NDP_RS:
+			printf("       ICMP: [NDP] Router Solicitation\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP6_NDP_RA:
+			printf("       ICMP: [NDP] Router Advertisement\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP6_NDP_RM:
+			printf("       ICMP: [NDP] Redirect Message\n");
+			break;
+		/* ping */
+		case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
+			printf("       ICMP: Echo Request\n");
+
+			packet_size = htons(ip->len);
+			icmp_packet = (unsigned char *) malloc(packet_size);
+
+			if (icmp_packet == NULL) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error! Lack of free memory!\n");
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+
+			struct s_icmp_ping *icmp_ping = (struct s_icmp_ping *) icmp_data;
+
+			icmp->type = ICMP4_ECHO_REQUEST;
+			icmp->code = 0;
+			icmp->checksum = 0;
+
+			printf("[id;seq]:[0x%x;0x%x]\n", htons(icmp_ping->id), htons(icmp_ping->seq));
+
+			memcpy(icmp_packet, icmp, sizeof(struct s_icmp));
+			memcpy(icmp_packet + sizeof(struct s_icmp), icmp_data, packet_size - sizeof(struct s_icmp));
+
+			// compute the checksum :c)
+			icmp->checksum = checksum(icmp_packet, packet_size);
+
+			// copy this structure again - because of the checksum
+			memcpy(icmp_packet, icmp, sizeof(struct s_icmp));
+
+			break;
+		case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
+			printf("       ICMP: Echo Reply\n");
+			break;
+		default:
+			printf("       ICMP: unknown: %d/0x%x\n", icmp->type, icmp->type);
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* where to send this ICMP */
+	ip4_addr = ipaddr_6to4((struct in6_addr) ip->ip_dest);
+	printf("    Send to: %s\n", inet_ntoa(ip4_addr));
+
+	/* send */
+	send_there(ip4_addr, ip->hop_limit, IPPROTO_ICMP, icmp_packet, packet_size);
+
+	free(icmp_packet);
+	icmp_packet = NULL;
+
+	return;
+}

wrapper/translate_ip.c

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#include "wrapper.h"
+#include "translate_ip.h"
+
+struct in_addr ipaddr_6to4(struct in6_addr ip6_addr)
+{
+	struct ip6addr_ip4part *addr;
+	struct in_addr ip4_addr;
+	char ip4_str[15];
+
+	/* "parse" the IPv6 addres */
+	addr = (struct ip6addr_ip4part *)(&ip6_addr);
+
+	/* build IPv4 address */
+	sprintf(ip4_str, "%d.%d.%d.%d", addr->a, addr->b, addr->c, addr->d);
+	inet_aton(ip4_str, &ip4_addr);
+
+	return ip4_addr;
+}

wrapper/translate_ip.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef TRANSLATE_IP_H
+#define TRANSLATE_IP_H
+
+struct ip6addr_ip4part {
+	long double	prefix;
+	unsigned char	a;
+	unsigned char	b;
+	unsigned char	c;
+	unsigned char	d;
+};
+
+struct in_addr ipaddr_6to4(struct in6_addr ip6_addr);
+//in6_addr ipaddr_4to6(in_addr ip_addr);
+
+#endif

wrapper/wrapper.c

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "wrapper.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+
+	char *dev = NULL;			/* capture device name */
+	char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];		/* error buffer */
+	pcap_t *handle;				/* packet capture handle */
+
+	//char filter_exp[] = "ip6";		/* filter expression */
+	char filter_exp[] = "icmp6";		/* filter expression */
+	struct bpf_program fp;			/* compiled filter program (expression) */
+	bpf_u_int32 mask;			/* subnet mask */
+	bpf_u_int32 net;			/* ip */
+	int num_packets = 0;			/* number of packets to capture */
+
+	/* find a capture device */
+	dev = pcap_lookupdev(errbuf);
+	if (dev == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't find default device: %s\n", errbuf);
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+	
+	/* get network number and mask associated with capture device */
+	if (pcap_lookupnet(dev, &net, &mask, errbuf) == -1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't get netmask for device %s: %s\n", dev, errbuf);
+		net = 0;
+		mask = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* print capture info */
+	printf("Device:  %s\n", dev);
+	printf("Number of packets: %d\n", num_packets);
+	printf("Filter expression: %s\n", filter_exp);
+
+	/* open capture device */
+	handle = pcap_open_live(dev, SNAP_LEN, 1, 1, errbuf);
+	if (handle == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open device %s: %s\n", dev, errbuf);
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* make sure we're capturing on an Ethernet device */
+	if (pcap_datalink(handle) != DLT_EN10MB) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not an Ethernet\n", dev);
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* compile the filter expression */
+	if (pcap_compile(handle, &fp, filter_exp, 0, net) == -1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't parse filter %s: %s\n",
+		    filter_exp, pcap_geterr(handle));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* apply the compiled filter */
+	if (pcap_setfilter(handle, &fp) == -1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't install filter %s: %s\n",
+		    filter_exp, pcap_geterr(handle));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* now we can set our callback function */
+	pcap_loop(handle, num_packets, process_packet6, NULL);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	pcap_freecode(&fp);
+	pcap_close(handle);
+
+	printf("\nCapture complete.\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}

wrapper/wrapper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#ifndef WRAPPER_H
+#define WRAPPER_H
+
+#include <pcap.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
+/* Default snap length (maximum bytes per packet to capture) */
+#define SNAP_LEN	BUFSIZ
+
+/* Ethernet headers are always exactly 14 bytes */
+#define SIZE_ETHERNET	14
+
+/* Ethernet addresses are 6 bytes */
+#define ETHER_ADDR_LEN	6
+
+/* IPv6 headers are always exactly 40 bytes */
+#define SIZE_IP6	40
+
+/* Ethernet header */
+struct s_ethernet {
+        u_char  ether_dhost[ETHER_ADDR_LEN];    /* destination host address */
+        u_char  ether_shost[ETHER_ADDR_LEN];    /* source host address */
+        u_short ether_type;                     /* IP/ARP/RARP/... */
+};
+
+/* IPv4 header */
+
+/* IPv6 header */
+struct s_ip6 {
+	unsigned char	ver;		/*   8 b; version */
+	unsigned char	traffic_class;	/*   8 b; traffic class */
+	unsigned short	flow_label;	/*  16 b; flow label (qos) */
+	unsigned short	len;		/*  16 b; payload length */
+	unsigned char	next_header;	/*   8 b; next header */
+	unsigned char	hop_limit;	/*   8 b; hop limit (replaces ttl) */
+	struct in6_addr ip_src;		/* 128 b; source address */	
+	struct in6_addr ip_dest;	/* 128 b; destination address */
+};
+
+/* TCP structure - only needed fields! */
+struct s_tcp {
+	unsigned short	port_src;	/* 16 b; source port */
+	unsigned short	port_dest;	/* 16 b; destination port */
+	long double	data1;		/* 96 b; first data segment */
+	unsigned short	checksum;	/* 16 b */
+	unsigned short	data2;		/* 16 b; the rest (urgent pointer here) */
+};
+
+/* UDP structure */
+
+/* ICMP header structure */
+struct s_icmp {
+	unsigned char	type;		/*  8 b; ICMP type */
+	unsigned char	code;		/*  8 b; further specification of ICMP type */
+	unsigned short	checksum;	/* 16 b */
+};
+
+/* ICMP - ping structure */
+struct s_icmp_ping {
+	unsigned short id;		/* 16 b; ID value for ECHO REPLY */
+	unsigned short seq;		/* 16 b; sequence value for ECHO REPLY */
+};
+
+/* ICMP types */
+#define ICMP4_ECHO_REQUEST	0x8
+#define ICMP4_ECHO_REPLY	0x0
+
+/* ICMPv6 types */
+#define ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST	0x80
+#define ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY	0x81
+#define ICMP6_NDP_RS		0x85
+#define ICMP6_NDP_RA		0x86
+#define ICMP6_NDP_NS		0x87
+#define ICMP6_NDP_NA		0x88
+#define ICMP6_NDP_RM		0x89
+
+/* Prototypes */
+void process_packet6(u_char *args, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *packet);
+void process_icmp6(struct s_ip6 *ip, const unsigned char *payload);
+
+void send_there(struct in_addr ip4_addr, unsigned char ttl, unsigned int type, unsigned char *payload, unsigned int paylen);
+
+unsigned short checksum(const void *_buf, int len);
+
+#endif

wrapsix.rb

@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ trap "QUIT" do; exit; end
 
 services = []
 ### Start DNS resolver function
-if $config['resolver']
+if $config['resolver'] == 1
 	$resolver = Resolver.new
 	services << Thread.start do; $resolver.start;  end
 end
 
 ### Start IPv6-to-IPv4 wrapper
-if $config['wrapper']
+if $config['wrapper'] == 1
 	$wrapper = Wrapper.new
 	services << Thread.start do; $wrapper.start; end
 end