mirror of
git://projects.qi-hardware.com/ben-wpan.git
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427 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
427 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML>
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<TITLE>Production and testing: Software setup</TITLE>
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<BODY bgcolor="#ffffff" link="#000000" vlink="#404040">
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<INCLUDE file="style.inc">
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<PAGE_BAR title="Production and testing">
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<PAGE_CURR href="setup.html">Software setup</PAGE_CURR>
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<PAGE_ITEM href="flash.html">Flashing</PAGE_ITEM>
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<PAGE_ITEM href="test.html">Functional test</PAGE_ITEM>
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<PAGE_ITEM href="analysis.html">Fault analysis</PAGE_ITEM>
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</PAGE_BAR>
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<SECTION_BAR>
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<SECTION_ITEM href="#intro">Introduction</SECTION_ITEM>
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<SECTION_ITEM href="#pcsw">PC installation</SECTION_ITEM>
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<SECTION_ITEM href="#bensw">Ben installation</SECTION_ITEM>
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<SECTION_ITEM href="#bensys">Ben setup</SECTION_ITEM>
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<SECTION_ITEM href="#profiles">Test profiles</SECTION_ITEM>
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</SECTION_BAR>
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<!-- ====================================================================== -->
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<SECTION ref="intro" title="Introduction">
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Before performing production tests, various pieces of software
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need to be installed on Ben and PC, and configuration settings may
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have to be adjusted. The following sections describe the installation
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and configuration process.
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<!-- ====================================================================== -->
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<SECTION ref="pcsw" title="PC software installation">
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For a DUT and reference device role, the ben-wpan tools
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and the test scripts have to be installed on the PC. For flashing the
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<B>atusb</B> application
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firmware, also dfu-util and the firmware binary are required.
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<P>
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The instructions below assume that a complete development environment
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is already present on the PC, including SDL, SDL_gfx, and GSL.
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If any prerequisites are not met,
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compilation will fail, and you'll have to install the corresponding
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package and try again.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install ben-wpan tools">
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To build the ben-wpan tools and install them under
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<SAMP>/usr/local/</SAMP> on the local machine,
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run the following commands:
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<PRE>
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git clone git://projects.qi-hardware.com/ben-wpan.git
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cd ben-wpan/tools
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make
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make install
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</PRE>
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<P>
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A different directory prefix can be chosen by overriding the
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<SAMP>INSTALL_PREFIX</SAMP> variable, e.g.,
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<PRE>
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make INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr install
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Note that the test scripts expect <SAMP>${INSTALL_PREFIX}/bin</SAMP>
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to be in <SAMP>PATH</SAMP>.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install test scripts">
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The test scripts are in the directory <SAMP>prod/</SAMP> of the
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ben-wpan project. They currently are designed to be run from
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this directory. Therefore, all that's necessary is to check out the
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repository, as shown above.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install dfu-util">
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dfu-util is used to transfer the application firmware to
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<B>atusb</B> boards. To build dfu-util from source, run these
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commands:
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<PRE>
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git clone git://git.openezx.org/dfu-util.git
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cd dfu-util
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./autogen.sh
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./configure
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make
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make install
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</PRE>
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Note that some Linux distributions already provide a pre-compiled
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version of dfu-util, which could be used instead of building
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it from source.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install and run NTP">
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The clock frequency test for <B>atusb</B> measures the clock frequency
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relative to the PC clock. Many PC clocks are highly inaccurate, which
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would render the result of the measurement meaningless. To improve the
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quality of the reference clock, it should be disciplined by NTP.
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<P>
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If NTP is not available, it may be necessary to increase the test's
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tolerance by changing the variable <SAMP>CLOCK_DRIFT_PPM</SAMP> in
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the script <SAMP>atusb</SAMP>.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install firmware binary">
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The binary of the application running on <B>atusb</B> is transferred from
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the PC. To download a pre-compiled version, use this command:
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<PRE>
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wget -O atusb.bin \
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http://downloads.qi-hardware.com/people/werner/wpan/bindist/atusb-ce16a16.bin
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</PRE>
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Instructions for building the binary from sources are
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<A href="http://projects.qi-hardware.com/index.php/p/ben-wpan/source/tree/master/atusb/fw/README">here</A>.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Register Ben host name">
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To simplify accessing the Ben via TCP/IP, its IP address should be
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registered in the <SAMP>/etc/hosts</SAMP> file on the PC. If the Ben is
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running OpenWrt, use the following command:
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<PRE>
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echo 192.168.254.101 ben >>/etc/hosts
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</PRE>
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<P>
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If the Ben is running Jlime, the address would be as follows:
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<PRE>
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echo 192.168.1.202 ben >>/etc/hosts
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</PRE>
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<P>
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If using the same PC with Bens running OpenWrt and Jlime, one may choose
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different host names depending on the distribution, and adapt the commands
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used in the production and testing process accordingly. For example,
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<PRE>
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echo 192.168.254.101 ben >>/etc/hosts
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echo 192.168.1.202 jlime >>/etc/hosts
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</PRE>
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Customize test scripts">
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If using <SAMP>prod/Makefile</SAMP> to run the production test process,
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the names of the drivers for DUT and reference device are defined
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through variables at the beginning of the Makefile. In particular,
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if the host name or IP address under which the Ben is reached differs from
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"ben", the value of <SAMP>ATBEN_DUT</SAMP> and <SAMP>ATUSB_REF</SAMP>
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will have be changed accordingly.
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<P>
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The Makefile also contains the variable <SAMP>SPECTRUM_MARGIN</SAMP> that
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defines how many dB of tolerance should be allowed below and above the
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reference signal strength. The default is to allow a margin of 5 dB in
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either direction.
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<P>
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The scripts <SAMP>atusb</SAMP> and <SAMP>atusb-flash</SAMP> also contain
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configuration variables. If the names of the files containing the
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<B>atusb</B> firmware binaries are not <SAMP>boot.hex</SAMP> and
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<SAMP>atusb.bin</SAMP>, <SAMP>atusb-flash</SAMP> needs to be adapted.
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<!-- ====================================================================== -->
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<SECTION ref="bensw" title="Ben software installation">
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For a DUT and reference device role, the ben-wpan utilities
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have to be installed on a Ben. For flashing the <B>atusb</B> boot
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loader, also avrdude and the boot loader binary are needed.
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<P>
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The instructions below apply for OpenWrt and Jlime. For building
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things from source, a cross-compilation toolchain has to be installed
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on the PC.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Password-less remote access">
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To enable password-less remote access from the PC, set up network
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access to the Ben and run the following command:
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<PRE>
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ssh ben 'cat >>/etc/dropbear/authorized_keys' <~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
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</PRE>
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install ben-wpan tools">
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To build and install the ben-wpan tools on the Ben, first set
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up networking between the PC and the Ben. If you have not yet checked
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out the project's repository, run these commands:
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<PRE>
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git clone git://projects.qi-hardware.com/ben-wpan.git
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cd ben-wpan/tools
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</PRE>
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If you have already checked out the repository, <SAMP>cd</SAMP> to
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<SAMP>ben-wpan/tools/</SAMP> and run
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<PRE>
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make clean
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</PRE>
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Next, if on OpenWrt, compile the tools with
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<PRE>
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make TARGET=ben_openwrt
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</PRE>
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If on Jlime, use
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<PRE>
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make TARGET=ben_jlime
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</PRE>
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Finally, upload the tools to the Ben and install them under
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<SAMP>/usr/bin/</SAMP> with
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<PRE>
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make HOST=ben upload
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</PRE>
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Where <SAMP>ben</SAMP> is the host name or IP address assigned to the Ben.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install avrdude">
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The <B>atusb</B> boot loader is flashed using avrdude. A pre-compiled
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static binary (suitable for OpenWrt and Jlime) can be installed by running
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the following two commands on the Ben:
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<PRE>
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wget http://downloads.qi-hardware.com/people/werner/wpan/bindist/avrdude-5.10-de72af351f661b538add81cbc9965278a2f8c40c.tar.gz
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tar -xz -C / -f avrdude-5.10-de72af351f661b538add81cbc9965278a2f8c40c.tar.gz
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</PRE>
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Instructions for building avrdude from sources are
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<A href="http://projects.qi-hardware.com/index.php/p/ben-blinkenlights/source/tree/master/avrdude/README
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">here</A>.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Install boot-loader binary">
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The binary of the boot loader running on <B>atusb</B> is transferred from
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the Ben. To download a pre-compiled version, use this command:
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<PRE>
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wget -O boot.hex \
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http://downloads.qi-hardware.com/people/werner/wpan/bindist/boot-ce16a16.hex
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</PRE>
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Instructions for building the binary from sources are
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<A href="http://projects.qi-hardware.com/index.php/p/ben-wpan/source/tree/master/atusb/fw/README">here</A>.
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<!-- ====================================================================== -->
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<SECTION ref="bensys" title="Ben system setup">
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The configuration settings described in this section are lost on each
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reset or reboot and need to be entered again. Alternatively,
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a setup script running at boot time can be written.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Enable network access">
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Once the Ben has booted and started USB networking, the interface
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on the PC side is configured as follows:
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<PRE>
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ifconfig usb0 192.168.254.100 up
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</PRE>
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<P>
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These are the settings for OpenWrt, assuming the network device is
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called "usb0". If using Jlime, the command would be as follows:
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<PRE>
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ifconfig usb0 192.168.1.200 up
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</PRE>
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Silence other 8:10 card users">
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Before running any of the ben-wpan utilities, other users of the 8:10
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card slot have to be disabled. In a Ben running the regular OpenWrt or
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Jlime distribution, the only such user that is automatically started
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is the MMC kernel driver. The following command disables it:
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<PRE>
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echo jz4740-mmc.0 >/sys/bus/platform/drivers/jz4740-mmc/unbind
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</PRE>
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<P>
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If a WPAN-enabled kernel has been installed, the AT86RF230 driver takes
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the place of the MMC driver. To disable it, run
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<PRE>
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echo spi2.0 >/sys/bus/spi/drivers/at86rf230/unbind
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</PRE>
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Note that the above command only has the desired effect if used
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before running any of the user-space tools. If the kernel driver and
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the user-space tools have already clashed over access to the board, the
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driver will not unbind and a reboot is needed.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Start atrf-proxy">
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On the Ben, launch the proxy daemon. We pass the option -b to background it:
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<PRE>
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atrf-proxy -b
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</PRE>
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<!-- ====================================================================== -->
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<SECTION ref="profiles" title="Test profiles">
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Some of the functional tests measure characteristics that are strongly
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influenced by the test setup. It is therefore not possible to provide
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universally applicable reference values, but they have to be measured
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in the actual test environment.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Clock count (atben only)">
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Insert a known to be good <B>atben</B> board and run the following
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command directly on the Ben to record the reference value for the
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clock count with an accuracy of roughly +/−20 ppm:
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<PRE>
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atrf-xtal 1000 >ben.xtal
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</PRE>
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<P>
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This takes about 5 seconds.
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<P>
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Note that the result depends on the tolerance of the crystal in the Ben
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and is also affected by temperature. Good accuracy can therefore
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only be obtained if this measurement is performed individually on each
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Ben, and if a stable temperature is maintained.
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<!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
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<SUBSECTION title="Signal strength">
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The signal strength of a DUT is assessed by comparing it with
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measurements previously obtained in the same setup, with a known to
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be good device taking the role of the DUT. It is therefore necessary
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to establish a reference profile each time the test environment changes,
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e.g., when changing location or when using a different reference device.
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<P>
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The physical arrangement of the devices should have the characteristics
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described in <A href="test.html#atben">the test section</A>. The orientation
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of the devices should be chosen such that the overall signal strength is
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near its maximum, that the spectrum is relatively "flat", and that small
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changes in the orientation only produce small variations in the measured
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signal strength.
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<P>
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To generate the profiles for <B>atben</B> and <B>atusb</B>, simply run
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<PRE>
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make spectrum
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</PRE>
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Then place the devices appropriately and press <B>D</B>
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to use the displayed spectrum as the reference. Multiple spectra
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can be merged into the reference, e.g., if unavoidable environmental
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variations cause
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significant changes. Spectra included in the reference are shown in blue.
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<P>
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After a obtaining the reference spectrum, press <B>Q</B> to exit. The
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Makefile will then record the signal strength limits for an <B>atben</B>
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DUT in the file <SAMP>ben.profile</SAMP> and proceed with the reverse
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measurement, i.e., with <B>atusb</B> acting as the DUT.
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<END author="Werner Almesberger" date="<GEN_DATE>">
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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