From 6806d656f42db5a6ca2bc260da514872f490ad0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Werner Almesberger <werner@almesberger.net>
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2011 04:49:50 -0300
Subject: [PATCH] fisl2011/: added atusb-front.png, in-progress draft of talk

---
 fisl2011/atusb-front.png | Bin 0 -> 27165 bytes
 fisl2011/talk.tex        | 522 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 522 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 fisl2011/atusb-front.png
 create mode 100644 fisl2011/talk.tex

diff --git a/fisl2011/atusb-front.png b/fisl2011/atusb-front.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..048e9bd9d3561cc8966434a9d4ca3c69ac215213
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diff --git a/fisl2011/talk.tex b/fisl2011/talk.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d03c7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fisl2011/talk.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+\documentclass[14pt,trans]{beamer}
+\usepackage{color}
+\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{colortbl}
+\usepackage{soul}
+\usefonttheme{structurebold}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+\setbeamertemplate{items}[ball] 
+%\setbeamersize{sidebar width left=-5mm}
+\title{\Large Making Copyleft Hardware}
+\author{Werner Almesberger \\\url{werner@almesberger.net}}
+\date{June 28, 2011}
+
+\setul{}{1.5pt}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Overview ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Overview?}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Copyleft Hardware: what and why ?
+  \item Tools
+  \item Qi-Hardware projects
+  \item 
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- What is Copyleft Hardware -----------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{What is Copyleft Hardware ?}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Principles similar to Free Software, \\
+    applied to hardware
+  \item Design {\color{red}\underline{and}} manufacturing
+  \item All material under open licenses: \\
+    GPL, GFDL, CC-BY, CC-BY-SA
+  \item Friendly to Free Software
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Hardware vs. Software ---------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Hardware vs. Software}
+\setlength\minrowclearance{4pt}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{1pt}
+\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
+  \hline
+  \rowcolor[rgb]{0.9,0.9,0.5}
+  \bf Concept		&\bf Software		& \bf Hardware \\
+  \hline
+  Source		& Program text		& Schematics, Layout \\
+  \rowcolor[gray]{0.9}
+  Editor		& Text editor		& EDA system \\
+  Conversion		& Compiler, etc. 	& EDA system \\
+  \rowcolor[gray]{0.9}
+  Testing		& Run			& Prototype(s) \\
+  Debugging		& Debugger		& Lab instruments \\
+  \rowcolor[gray]{0.9}
+  Duplication		& Download		& Manufacturing, \\
+  \rowcolor[gray]{0.9}
+			& (perfect copy)	& Testing \\
+  Distribution		& Internet		& Shipping, Customs \\
+  \hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- The Four Freedoms -------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{The Four Freedoms}
+
+According to The Free Software Definition: $[1]$
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+  \item[0]<2-> Run the program
+    \begin{itemize}
+       \item Use the hardware
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item[1]<3-> Study the source
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Study design files (schematics and layout)
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item[1]<4-> Adapt the source to your needs
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Adapt design files
+      \item Access to the tools
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item[2$-$3]<5-> Redistribute copies (including modifications)
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Redistribute design files
+      \item Build or produce the hardware
+    \end{itemize}
+\end{enumerate}
+
+{\small $[1]$~\url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html}}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Why Copyleft Hardware ---------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Why Copyleft Hardware ?}
+One can $\ldots$
+\setbeamertemplate{items}[default] 
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item learn from it (also small details)
+  \item know what is happening inside the ``black box''
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item No spyware
+      \item Analyze (mis)behaviour
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item adapt design for new uses or contexts
+  \item reuse parts of design in other projects
+  \item achieve longevity by $\ldots$
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item fixing/updating/enhancing the design
+      \item repairing/modifying devices
+      \item producing more/updated devices
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item choose suitable manufacturing site
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Workflow ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Workflow}
+@@@
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Tools: KiCad ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Tools: KiCad}
+\begin{center}
+  \includegraphics[height=50mm]{kicad.png}
+\end{center}
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Main devs: Jean-Pierre Charras, Dick Hollenbeck
+      \item Complete EDA solution
+      \item Text files $\rightarrow$ extensible
+      \item Free Software: GPL, LGPL
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Tools: Schematics History -----------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Tools: Schematics History}
+\begin{center}
+  \includegraphics[height=4.5cm]{schhist.png}
+  \qquad
+  \includegraphics[height=4cm]{USB.png}
+\end{center}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Schematics revision history
+  \item Visual highlighting of changes
+  \item Web output (HTML, PNG, PDF)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Tools: Footprint Editor (fped) ------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Tools: Footprint Editor (fped)}
+\begin{center}
+  \includegraphics[height=6cm]{fped.png}
+\end{center}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Parametric
+  \item GUI or text-based
+  \item Automatic measurements
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Tools: BOM Processing System --------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Tools: BOM Processing System}
+
+@@@
+
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item ...
+  \item ...
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- More Tools --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{More Tools}
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}[l]{8cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Data sheet viewer (dsv)
+        \begin{itemize}
+	  \item Work around non-distribution
+	  \item Download and cache
+	  \item Quick access \\
+	    {\tt dsv mcu}
+        \end{itemize}
+      \item Gerber renderer (prettygerbv)
+        \begin{itemize}
+	  \item Combine Gerber and Excellon
+	  \item Realistic coloring
+        \end{itemize}
+      \item Makefiles
+        \begin{itemize}
+	  \item Shortcuts
+	  \item Fab output
+        \end{itemize}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+
+  \begin{column}[r]{4cm}
+    \includegraphics[width=3cm]{atusb-front.png}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% === Qi-Hardware =============================================================
+
+
+% --- Qi-Hardware -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Qi-Hardware}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Started by happily ex-Openmokoers
+  \item Collection of loosely connected projects
+  \item Development and manufacturing
+  \item Copyleft Hardware with Free Software
+\end{itemize}
+
+Products:
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Ben NanoNote (Handheld computer)
+  \item SIE (Development board)
+  \item Universal Breakout Board (UBB)
+  \item Ben-WPAN (IEEE 802.15.4 wireless)
+  \item Milkymist One (FPGA-based Video synthesizer)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Ben NanoNote ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Ben NanoNote}
+
+@@@
+
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Objective: validate manufacturing process
+  \item OEM dictionary design
+  \item 336 MHz MIPS CPU (Ingenic Jz4720)
+  \item 32 MB RAM, 2 GB NAND Flash
+  \item QVGA LCD, keyboard
+  \item USB device, 8:10 card, audio
+  \item Manufactured by Sharism at Work Ltd.
+  \item $\approx$1300 units sold
+  \item Schematics open (KiCad)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- SIE ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{SIE}
+
+@@@
+
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Objective: development board (educational)
+  \item Joint work of
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)
+      \item Tuxbrain S.L.
+      \item Sharism Ltd.
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item Loosely based on Ben design
+  \item With an FPGA
+  \item Design 100\% open (with KiCad)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- UBB ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{UBB}
+
+@@@
+
+Universal Breakout Board
+%\begin{columns}
+%  \begin{column}[l]{8cm}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Objective: easy DIY connection to Ben
+  \item Original idea by Rikard Lindstrom
+  \item Design 100\% open (with KiCad)
+  \item Manufactured by Tuxbrain S.L.
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Ben-WPAN ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Ben-WPAN}
+
+@@@
+
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Objective: unencumbered wireless connectivity for the Ben
+      \item IEEE 802.15.4 (LR-WPAN)
+      \item 250 kbps (2 Mbps non-standard)
+      \item Ben 8:10 card (atben), USB (atusb)
+      \item Designed by Werner Almesberger
+      \item Design 100\% open (with KiCad)
+      \item Largely automated fabrication workflow
+      \item Manufactured by \st{Sharism} Tuxbrain S.L.
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Milkymist One -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Milkymist One}
+
+@@@
+
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Objective: 
+      \item By ``one man army'' Sebastien Bourdeauducq
+      \item Video synthesizer
+      \item Video in/out, audio in, Ethernet, USB host, $\ldots$
+      \item FPGA-based (Lattice LM32 core)
+      \item Verilog under GPL
+      \item Proprietary FPGA tools
+      \item LLHDL: work on Open synthesis tool
+      \item Design files open (use Altium)
+      \item Manufactured by Sharism at Work Ltd.
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+% === Tricks and Traps ========================================================
+
+% --- Sourcing Pitfalls -------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Sourcing Pitfalls}
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item ``I can get any chip I see on a vendor's Web site''
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item You are too small
+	  \item Non-refundable fees
+	  \item Consider documentation
+	\end{itemize}
+      \item ``Once a chip is announced, we can use it''
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item Delays until first samples
+	  \item Some chips are test balloons
+	  \item Need a few revisions to mature
+	  \item Revisions may introduce drastic changes
+	\end{itemize}
+      \item Distributors
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item Even large distributors don't stock everything
+	  \item Minimum Order Quantity
+	  \item Lead time
+	\end{itemize}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Common Misconceptions ---------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Common Misconceptions}
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item ``Let's make an iPhone/iPad''
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item Bleeding edge components are hard to get
+	  \item They are hard to design for
+	  \item They are expensive
+	  \item There is fierce competition
+	  \item ``Boy, did we patent it !''
+	\end{itemize}
+      \item ``There is no tomorrow'' or ``It must be perfect''
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item Rampant featuritis \\
+	    $\Rightarrow$ Delays
+	  \item Try to be as up to date as possible \\
+	    $\Rightarrow$ Redesigns $\Leftrightarrow$ Delays
+	\end{itemize}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Dodging Patents ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Dodging Patents}
+Potential opponents:
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Big players (Apple, Nokia, Oracle, $\ldots$)
+  \item Licensing firms (Sisvel, MPEG-LA, $\ldots$)
+  \item Patent trolls
+\end{itemize}
+
+Some avoidance strategies:
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Do not sell hardware
+  \item Stay small, poor, and out of the news
+  \item Use old technology
+  \item Avoid areas of on-going patent wars: \\
+    Mobile communication, A/V codecs, Multitouch, $\ldots$
+  \item Hope for the best
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Running an Open Hardware Project -------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Running an Open Hardware Project}
+\begin{columns}
+  \begin{column}{12cm}
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item Have clear objectives
+      \item Create opportunities to participate
+      \item Pick your challenges wisely
+	\begin{itemize}
+	  \item Set realistic goals
+	  \item Know what you can sacrifice
+	  \item Pay attention to manufacturability
+	\end{itemize}
+      \item Think about what follows
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{column}
+\end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Conclusion}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- URLs --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{URLs}
+This presentation: \\
+\url{...}
+
+The Qi-Hardware project: \\
+\url{http://www.qi-hardware.com/}
+
+Schematics history: \\
+\url{http://projects.qi-hardware.com/schhist/}
+
+Footprint editor (fped): \\
+\url{http://svn.openmoko.org/trunk/eda/fped/README}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% === Extra Slides ============================================================
+
+% --- Similar Projects --------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Similar Projects}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Arduino
+  \item OpenPandora
+  \item Openmoko Freerunner
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Arduino -----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Arduino}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Modular embedded system (AVR-based)
+  \item Easy to use environment
+  \item Very popular
+  \item Active community
+  \item CC-BY-SA, GPL, LGPL
+  \item EDA system: EAGLE
+  \item \url{http://arduino.cc/}
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- OpenPandora -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{OpenPandora}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item Non-open hardware
+  \item A quagmire
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% --- Openmoko Freerunner -----------------------------------------------------
+
+\begin{frame}{Openmoko FreeRunner}
+\begin{itemize}
+  \item GSM Smartphone
+  \item Designed for Free Software
+  \item Got a lot of attention
+  \item ~10'000 units sold
+  \item Openmoko Inc. changed course in 2009
+  \item Schematics (PDF) available
+  \item Design files (Mentor PADS) not available
+  \item CAD files available
+\end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\end{document}